Why we need more female astronauts to understand spaceflight health

To date, only 11 percent of all astronauts have flown in space.

Women face an earlier risk of osteoporosis due to estrogen levels.

Women are far more likely to develop autoimmune diseases, around 80 percent of these conditions occur in women.

Personalized medicine research is becoming increasingly vital for long-duration space missions.

The move toward personalized medicine for astronauts, tailoring treatment and preventive measures to each individual, continues to be an active area of research.

Advances made for space medicine also benefit healthcare on Earth .

Every medication, treatment protocol, and diagnostic test we’re using with astronauts started with Earth .